| In order to examine ethical issues, it is first necessary | | | | firestorms of controversy in cyberspace is the simple |
| to define ethics. Today, we regard ethics as a | | | | fact that so many people have access to the Web |
| "rational process founded on certain principles." | | | | sites. Simply put, if no one had access to online |
| However, I believe a definition that is more applicable | | | | pornography no one would care. With this another |
| to this project is the ethical theory that existed in | | | | issue "Censorship" comes which should be deal in |
| ancient Greece. There, ethics was the study of what | | | | efficient way as it is not easy to implement. Ethical |
| was good for both the individual and society. We will | | | | issues can also be religious, moral or any other.These |
| look at some online issues and how they may be | | | | type of issues are not easy to deal with.Similarly, let |
| good and/or bad for society. Cyberethics is quite | | | | us take China into consideration on the issue of |
| simply the study of ethics on the Internet. | | | | "Censorship". China has implemented the methods of |
| "Ethics begins when elements within a moral system | | | | censoring the internet that are somewhat harder to |
| conflict." | | | | bypass for people generally unfamiliar with the way |
| Cyberethics is often called as Information System | | | | internet works. There is ,for example internet |
| Ethics. Information System ethics can be defined as | | | | censorship as implemented in China-using a list of |
| "The study of moral, legal, ethical issues involving the | | | | banned words that are censored on the fly. As users |
| use of information and communication technologies" | | | | in china request a webpage , the incoming page is |
| There are many unique challenges we face in this | | | | first inspected by government servers n blocked if a |
| age of information. They stem from the nature of | | | | banned term such as "Democracy" is present. Human |
| information itself. Information is the means through | | | | censors are also actively looking at what people |
| which the mind expands and increases its capacity to | | | | browse on the internet, and block websites as they |
| achieve its goals, often as the result of an input from | | | | see fit.Crimes on internet are also increasing in a |
| another mind. Thus, information forms the intellectual | | | | continuous manner.Computer crime is a general term |
| capital from which human beings craft their lives and | | | | that embraces such crimes as phishing, credit card |
| secure dignity.However, the building of intellectual | | | | frauds, bank robbery, Industrial espionage, child porn, |
| capital is vulnerable in many ways. For example, | | | | kidnapping children via chat rooms, scams, cyber |
| people's intellectual capital is impaired whenever they | | | | terrorism, viruses, spam and so on. All such crimes |
| lose their personal information without being | | | | are computer related and facilitated crimes. Many |
| compensated for it, when they are precluded access | | | | recent cases seen like Microsoft's website was |
| to information which is of value to them, when they | | | | brought down for a little time resulting in a huge loss |
| have revealed information they hold intimate, or | | | | to Microsoft. Similarly, NUST, one of the best |
| when they find out that the information upon which | | | | considered university in Pakistan got Hacked and |
| their living depends is in error. The social contract | | | | redirected to another domain. Credit card fraud have |
| among people in the information age must deal with | | | | grown in an increasingly manner. Leakage of Military |
| these threats to human dignity. The ethical issues | | | | information from internet is another internet crime. |
| involved are many and varied in Information System | | | | Software known as google earth, which shows |
| Ethics.Ethics is required in information Systems to | | | | information about different places including military |
| overcome the following ethical issues.Privacy: What | | | | land or can lead to robbery planning, is becoming an |
| information about one's self or one's associations | | | | ethical issue around the world. Many people protest |
| must a person reveal to others, under what | | | | against this leakage of information but still one can't |
| conditions and with what safeguards? What things | | | | deny that it is one of the major enhancements in |
| can people keep to themselves and not be forced to | | | | Information Technology.The question about how to |
| reveal to others?Accuracy: Who is responsible for the | | | | police these crimes has already been constructed, but |
| authenticity, fidelity and accuracy of information? | | | | this task is turning out to be an uphill battle. Since the |
| Similarly, who is to be held accountable for errors in | | | | first computer crime law, the Counterfeit Access |
| information and how is the injured party to be made | | | | Device and Computer Fraud and Abuse Act of 1984, |
| whole?Property: Who owns information? What are | | | | the governments have been trying to track down |
| the just and fair prices for its exchange? Who owns | | | | and stop online criminals. The FBI of different |
| the channels, especially the airways, through which | | | | countries have tried many programs and |
| information is transmitted? How should access to this | | | | investigations in order to deter Internet crime, like |
| scarce resource be allocated?Accessibility: What | | | | creating an online crime registry for employers .The |
| information does a person or an organization have a | | | | reality is that Internet criminals are rarely caught. One |
| right or a privilege to obtain, under what conditions | | | | reason is that hackers will use one computer in one |
| and with what safeguards?Information System ethics | | | | country to hack another computer in another |
| explores and evaluates: | | | | country. And that criminal isn't working alone. Loosely |
| - the development of moral values in the information | | | | organized groups--which security experts call "Web |
| field, | | | | gangs"--conduct much of the illegal activity online. The |
| - the creation of new power structures in the | | | | structure of Web gangs may be patterned on that |
| information field, information myths, | | | | of traditional organized crime, in which the members |
| - hidden contradictions and intentionality's in | | | | of the group may never come into contact with one |
| information theories and practices, | | | | another and may never be aware of who they are |
| - the development of ethical conflicts in the | | | | working for.Conclusion: |
| information field. etcNow let us take a look at privacy | | | | We live in an exciting time in history. The |
| by the following examples. A few years ago, Florida | | | | widespread availability of computers and Internet |
| lawmakers gave the go ahead to have monitors | | | | connections provides unprecedented opportunities to |
| stationed in bathrooms at Tallahassee Community | | | | communicate and learn. Unfortunately, although most |
| College to determine if the facilities were being | | | | people use the Internet as a powerful and beneficial |
| underutilized. Students and faculty vehemently | | | | tool for communication and education, some |
| protested that the monitors violated their privacy. | | | | individuals exploit the power of the Internet for |
| State officials said that the value of the information | | | | criminal or terrorist purposes.We can minimize the |
| gained through the study was more important than | | | | harm that such individuals do by learning ourselves, |
| the threat to privacy. Other issues like collection of | | | | and teaching young people, how to use the Internet |
| private data of the users using internet by monitoring | | | | safely and responsibly. The term "cyberethics" refers |
| the traffic is strongly related to one's policy as that | | | | to a code of safe and responsible behavior for the |
| information can be further used for illegal purposes. | | | | Internet community. Practicing good cyberethics |
| These types of privacy issues are needed to be | | | | involves understanding the risks of harmful and illegal |
| addressed properly so that they should not exploit | | | | behavior online and learning how to protect ourselves, |
| one's freedom. One issue that I kept thinking about | | | | and other Internet users, from such behavior. It also |
| when I was constructing my Web page was | | | | involves teaching young people, who may not realize |
| whether it was ethical to lift an image from | | | | the potential for harm to themselves and others, |
| someone's home page and use it on my Web page | | | | how to use the Internet safely and |
| without crediting the source. Such ethical issues come | | | | responsibly.Muhammad Bilal Azmat, |
| under property.One reason that topics such as online | | | | Operations Manager, |
| gambling and pornography have become such | | | | Koolmobile. |