How banks work


Bank Operating Line of Credit and Letters of Credit

Banking  -  Business  Loan  Application"  List  of  aged  accounts  receivable
Operating Lines of Credit and Letters of"  List  of  aged  accounts  payable
Credit
"  Summary  of  inventory
You are probably wondering what a series on
business banking essentials is doing on aFrom the above documents, the bank will
natural  health  website.ascertain whether your business was
profitable in the past, and whether it
Well, stress caused by financial worries willappears  to  be  profitable  this  year.
eventually adversely affect your health. Many
business owners operate under constantThe cashflow projections will show how high
financial pressure, and this series onthe financial involvement will peak at, and
commercial banking and commercial financehow well the loan will be collateralized at
will arm them with the knowledge that theyany  given  time.
need to deal confidently with diverse
business situations, and with their bankThe accounts receivable list will disclose
managers. Knowledge is comforting, it is thethe quality of the customers and whether a
fear  of  the  unknown  that  is  stressful.significant percentage of them is delinquent.
How can I help you? I obtained my CharteredThe accounts payable list will reveal whether
Accountant designation (I'm retired now) inyour business is up-to-date with its payments
Australia. Upon moving to Canada, I workedto  suppliers.
for a wholly owned Canadian subsidiary of an
American bank. Over time, I rose to becomeThe inventory summary will show the nature of
the Senior Vice-President responsible for thethe inventory and give an indication of
commercial finance division. This divisionwhether  it  can  be  sold  readily.
granted flexible operating lines of credit,
which included letters of credit forIn addition to examining the above
importers. In this career, I encountereddocumentation in detail, be aware that a
numerous different types of businessescredit check will be done on the business to
including trading, manufacturing andascertain if there is any outstanding
importing.litigation,  and  as to its creditworthiness.
This is not intended to be a detailedKnowing all this, be sure to have
accounting or banking course. I have putsatisfactory explanations for any aspects
together the essential information you needthat  may  appear  detrimental  to  the bank.
in order to give yourself the best chance of
succeeding in your business. I shall tell youIt is important to keep in mind that the
what your bank manager would like to hearideal customer for an operating line of
from you at your meetings. I shall tell youcredit, as far as the bank is concerned, is
the early warning signs that your businessone  who:
needs  positive  action.
"  Is  profitable
These comments are not for retail business;
they apply to wholesalers, importers and" Needs the credit to finance profitable
manufacturers.growth
To cover the vast amount of banking" Does not require too high a loan/equity
information, even in thumbnail format, Iratio
shall break it down into various segments.
Some will apply to your business, others may" Has adequate collateral to cover the loan
not. I am intentionally phrasing the segmentsat  all  times
in very simple layman's terms. I would advise
you to discuss my advice with your" Has collateral that can be liquidated
accountant, or even your banker, before youeasily
decide  to  act  on  it.
"  Has  excellent  credit  rating
This first segment deals with the initial
loan application. It is assumed that you areYour strategy? When making the loan
applying for an operating line of credit,application:
which may, or may not, include letters of
credit. The actual loan within the line of" stress the good value of the assets that
credit will fluctuate at different times,support  the  equity  of  the  business.
depending on the cashflow, but the bank will
put an upper limit which you cannot exceed" Point out that the inventory is current, or
without special authorization. The limit ofcan  easily  be  sold.
the operating line of credit is determined by
the bank after evaluating various aspects of" Explain that your accounts receivable are
your  business,  including your equity in it.up-to-date and that delinquent receivables
have  been  provided  for.
There is certain basic information that the
financial institution requires in order to" If you have unencumbered fixed assets,
make the decision to finance your business.point out that there is additional collateral
You must come to the appointment with thefor  the  bank  in  them.
bank armed with this information, ideally
accompanied by your accountant who prepared" Advise the bank that you have adequate fire
the  information  package.insurance to protect the assets, and personal
life insurance that could be used to protect
" Financial Statements for the past threethe  bank,  if  necessary.
years
" Recognise that the banker looks to
" Pro forma financial statement for the yearcollateral to repay the loan if the business
to  datefails. The banker is not really interested in
intangible assets, such as goodwill, even
"  Cashflow  projections for the current yearthough they could be very valuable.



1 A B C D 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103