Basel II After the Financial Crisis - 4 Principles For Liquidity Risk Supervision

Principle 1:The choice of tool to use and the timeframe in which
Supervisors should regularly perform a comprehensiveany remedial action is expected to be taken by the
assessment of a bank's overall liquidity riskbank should be proportionate to the level of risk the
management framework and liquidity position todeficiency poses to the safety and soundness of the
determine whether they deliver an adequate level ofbank or the relevant financial system(s).
resilience to liquidity stress given the bank's role in thePrinciple 4:
financial system.Supervisors should communicate with other
Supervisors should require that banks:supervisors and public authorities, such as central
(a) have a robust liquidity risk management strategy,banks, both within and across national borders, to
policies and procedures to identify, measure, monitorfacilitate effective cooperation regarding the
and control liquidity risk consistent with the principlessupervision and oversight of liquidity risk management.
set out in this document; and (b) maintain a sufficientCommunication should occur regularly during normal
level of liquidity as insurance against liquidity stress.times, with the nature and frequency of the
Supervisors should have in place a supervisoryinformation sharing increasing as appropriate during
framework which allows them to make thoroughtimes of stress.
assessments of banks' liquidity risk managementCooperation and information sharing among relevant
practices and the adequacy of their liquidity, in bothpublic authorities, including bank supervisors, central
normal times and periods of stress.banks and securities regulators, as well as deposit
Such assessments may be conducted through on-siteinsurance agencies, can significantly contribute to the
inspections and off-site monitoring and should includeeffectiveness of these authorities in their respective
regular communication with a bank's seniorroles.
management and/or the board of directors. TheSuch communication can help supervisors improve the
supervisory framework should be publicly available.assessment of the overall profile of a bank and the
Principle 2:risks it faces, and help other authorities assess the
Supervisors should supplement their regularrisks posed to the broader financial system.
assessments of a bank's liquidity risk managementFor example, supervisors may inform central banks
framework and liquidity position by monitoring aof their judgment regarding the range of liquidity risks
combination of internal reports, prudential reports andfaced by firms for which they are responsible, while
market information.central banks may help supervisors deepen their
Supervisors should require banks to submitunderstanding of the current financial market
information on their liquidity positions and risks atenvironment and risks to the financial system as a
regular intervals. Supervisors also should make use ofwhole.
market and other publicly available information onInformation on market conditions can be particularly
banks.beneficial for supervisors in their assessment of the
The purpose of collecting such data and informationappropriateness of assumptions made by banks in
is to assist the supervisor in determining whetherstress test scenarios and contingency funding plans.
liquidity risk or pressure is building at a particular bankIn their role as payment and settlement system
or banks, as well as to assess the bank's resilience.overseers, central banks can help supervisors deepen
Supervisors may incorporate these data into an earlytheir understanding of the linkages between
warning system to enhance their monitoring of banks'institutions and the potential for disruptions to spread
liquidity risks.across the financial system.
Principle 3:Central banks and other authorities also can facilitate
Supervisors should intervene to require effective andcommunication with other, non-regulatory
timely remedial action by a bank to addressstakeholders, such as payment and settlement
deficiencies in its liquidity risk management processessystem operators.
or liquidity position.Regular dialogue and cooperation among relevant
Supervisors should have a range of tools at theirstakeholders during normal times helps to build
disposal to address any deficiencies they identify,working relationships that allow more effective
including the authority to compel banks to takecommunication and cooperation during times of
appropriate remedial action.firmspecific or market-wide stress.