Global Financial Crisis of 2008

On the one hand, many people are concerned thatrecession are worrying many developing country
those responsible for the financial problems are theanalysts.
ones being bailed out, while on the other hand, aMany believed Asia was sufficiently decoupled from
global financial meltdown will affect the livelihoods ofthe Western financial systems. Asia has not had a
almost everyone in an increasingly inter-connectedsubprime mortgage crisis as many nations in the
world. The problem could have been avoided, ifWest have, for example. Many Asian nations have
ideologues supporting the current economics modelswitnessed rapid growth and wealth creation in recent
were not so vocal, influential and inconsiderate ofyears. This lead to enormous investment in Western
others' viewpoints and concerns.countries.
A collapse of the US sub-prime mortgage market andIn recent years, there has been more interest in
the reversal of the housing boom in otherAfrica from Asian countries such as China. As the
industrialized economies have had a ripple effectfinancial crisis is hitting the Western nations the
around the world. Furthermore, other weaknesses inhardest, Africa may yet enjoy increased trade for a
the global financial system have surfaced. Somewhile.
financial products and instruments have become soWhile the media's attention is on the global financial
complex and twisted, that as things start to unravel,crisis (which predominantly affects the wealthy and
trust in the whole system started to fail.middle classes), the effects of the global food crisis
The extent of the problems has been so severe that(which predominantly affects the poorer and working
some of the world's largest financial institutions haveclasses) seems to have fallen off the radar. The two
collapsed. Others have been bought out by theirare in fact inter-related issues; both have their causes
competition at low prices and in other cases, therooted in the fundamental problems associated with a
governments of the wealthiest nations in the worldneoliberal, one-size-fits-all, economic agenda imposed
have resorted to extensive bail-out and rescueon virtually the entire world.
packages for the remaining large banks and financialBorrowing at a time of recession seems risky, but
institutions.the idea is that this should be complimented with
Some of the bail-outs have also been accompaniedpaying back during times of growth. Likewise,
with charges of hypocrisy due to the appearance ofreducing interest rates sounds like there would be
socializing the costs while privatizing the profits. In theless incentive for people to save money, when banks
meanwhile, smaller businesses and poorer peopleneed to build up their capital reserves. However, as
rarely have such options for bail out and rescue whenthe real economy starts to feel the pinch, reduced
they find themselves in crisis.interest rate is an attempt to encourage people to
To some extent risky borrowers bear sometake part in the economy.
responsibility, but overall they have lost out; lendersWell-designed regulations may protect us in the short
are being bailed out, while those taking out riskyrun and encourage real innovation in the long. Much of
loans either have lost their homes, or face a realour financial market's creativity was directed to
threat of losing their home in the near future.circumventing regulations and taxes. Accounting was
There is the argument that when the larger banksso creative that no one, not even the banks, knew
show signs of crisis, it is not just the wealthy that willtheir financial position. Meanwhile, the financial system
suffer, but also potentially everyone. With anresisted many of the innovations that would have
increasingly inter-connected world, things like a creditincreased the efficiency of our economy. By reducing
crunch can ripple through the entire economy.the scope for these socially unproductive innovations,
Many have blamed the greed of Wall Street forwe can divert creative activity in more productive
causing the problem in the first place because it is indirections.
the US that the most influential banks, institutions andThe most powerful international institutions tend to
ideologues that pushed for the policies that causedhave the worst democratic credentials: the power
the problems are found.distribution among countries is more unequal, and the
America is still immensely attractive to skilledtransparency, and hence democratic control, is worse.
immigrants and is still capable of producing a MicrosoftAlthough history often shows that those with
or a Google. Even its debt can be overcome. It hasagendas of power tend to win out, history also
enormous resilience economically at a local andshows us that power shifts. A financial crisis of this
entrepreneurial level.proportion may signify the beginnings of such a shift.
For the developing world, the rise in food prices asDuring periods of boom, people do not want to hear
well as the knock-on effects from the financialof criticisms of the forms of economics they benefit
instability and uncertainty in industrialized nations isfrom, especially when it brings immense wealth and
having a compounding effect. High fuel costs, soaringpower, regardless of whether it is good for
commodity prices together with fears of globaleveryone or not.